Galantamine

Galantamine

Bagikan :

Brand/Nama Lain

Reminyl 

 

Cara Kerja

Galantamine adalah obat yang digunakan untuk terapi penyakit Alzheimer. Penyakit alzheimer adalah salah satu penyebab demensia.

Pada penyakit Alzheimer, terdapat sel saraf tertentu yang mati pada otak sehingga jumlah asetilkolin di otak menjadi turun. Hal ini menyebabkan gejala demensia pada orang dengan penyakit ini. Asetilkolin merupakan suatu neurotransmitter, yaitu senyawa yang digunakan sel saraf untuk dapat berkomunikasi satu sama lain.

Galantamine bekerja dengan menghambat enzim asetilkolinesterase, yaitu enzim yang memecah asetilkolin. Dengan dihambatnya enzim ini, kadar asetilkolin akan meningkat pada bagian otak yang memroses memori dan kemampuan berpikir, sehingga gejala penyakit Alzheimer dapat berkurang.

 

Indikasi

Demensia ringan hingga sedang pada penyakit Alzheimer. Obat ini tidak diindikasikan pada pasien dengan demensia akibat penyakit lain maupun gangguan ingatan lainnya.

 

Kontraindikasi

  • Hipersensitivitas terhadap obat ini.
  • Pasien dengan gangguan hati dan ginjal berat.

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping dapat terjadi, namun tidak semua orang mengalaminya. Beberapa efek samping yang dapat timbul akibat penggunaan obat ini antara lain:

  • Mual dan muntah
  • Penurunan nafsu makan dan berat badan
  • Peningkatan produksi asam lambung, sehingga pasien dengan penyakit lambung dapat berisiko mengalami perdarahan saluran cerna
  • Penurunan denyut jantung dan gangguan kelistrikan jantung, yang dapat menyebabkan kondisi pingsan
  • Ruam pada kulit
  • Perburukan gangguan berkemih pada pasien dengan penyakit pembesaran prostat jinak
  • Nyeri kepala dan pusing
  • Gejala asma dan gangguan pernapasan pada pasien dengan penyakit asma dan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK)

 

Sediaan

Tablet dengan kekuatan 4 mg, 8 mg, dan 12 mg. 

 

Dosis

Dewasa: dosis awal 4 mg dua kali sehari selama 4 minggu, dilanjutkan dosis pemeliharaan 8 mg dua kali sehari selama 4 minggu. Dosis pemeliharaan dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 12 mg dua kali sehari jika dibutuhkan. Dosis pemeliharaan dilanjutkan selama obat memberikan efek pengobatan dan efek samping dapat ditoleransi.

 

Keamanan

Kehamilan: Kategori C, yaitu tidak terdapat data yang memadai dari penelitian, baik dari hewan atau dari manusia, atau terdapat efek merugikan pada janin dalam percobaan hewan tetapi belum terdapat data pada manusia.  

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Obat ini tidak boleh dibeikan bersama dengan obat-obatan lain yang dapat memicu peningkatan asetilkolin, seperti neostigmine dan pyridostigmine (obat penyakit myasthenia gravis).
  • Obat ini dapat menurunkan efektivitas obat-obatan antikolinergik (penghambat asetilkolin) seperti atropine jika digunakan bersama.
  • Obat ini dapat meningkatkan efek penurunan denyut jantung jika digunakan bersama obat-obatan yang dapat menurunkan denyut jantung seperti digoksin, amiodaron, dan bisoprolol (obat antihipertensi).
  • Penggunaan bersama obat-obatan yang menghambat kerja enzim CYP2D6 seperti paroxetine dan enzim CYP3A4 seperti ketokonazol dan eritromisin dapat meningkatkan efek samping galantamine.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

MIMS Indonesia. (2022). Galantamine: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution. Retrieved 30 September 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/galantamine?mtype=generic

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. (2022). Reminyl. Retrieved 30 September 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/obat/reminyl

Kalola, U., & Nguyen, H. (2022). Galantamine. Retrieved 30 September 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK574546/

Medicines.org.uk. (2022). Galantamine 4 mg/ ml Oral Solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc). Retrieved 30 September 2022, from https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/6134/smpc#gref

European Medicines Agency. (2022). Galantamine Stada - European Medicines Agency. Retrieved 30 September 2022, from https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/referrals/galantamine-stada

Request history8.1.29PHP Version1.46sRequest Duration4MBMemory UsageGET healthpedia-{category}/{slug}Route
  • warninglog[00:29:09] LOG.warning: str_contains(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is d...
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 4633
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase5.72msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8606 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8606
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9664
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase5.68msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7120 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7120
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase5.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9860 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9860
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase5.72msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7323 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7323
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase5.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5861 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5861
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10362
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:111
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:53
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: Obat A-Z
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • menu_hover.blade.php#55mydatabase650μsselect * from `categories` where `name` = 'Pemeriksaan A-Z' and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: Pemeriksaan A-Z
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:55
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • menu_hover.blade.php#156mydatabase2.39msselect * from `videos` where `status` = 1 order by `updated_at` desc limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:221
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:357
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:361
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Healthpedia
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Video
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