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Punya Banyak Kemiripan, Ketahui Perbedaan Antara Bipolar Disorder dengan Borderline Personality Disorder

Punya Banyak Kemiripan, Ketahui Perbedaan Antara Bipolar Disorder dengan Borderline Personality Disorder
Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :

Gangguan bipolar (bipolar disorder) dan borderline personality disorder sama-sama melibatkan perubahan suasana hati. Keduanya sering dianggap mirip, namun sebenarnya memiliki perbedaan mendasar. Bagaimana membedakan gangguan bipolar dengan borderline personality disorder? Simak ulasannya berikut ini. 

 

Persamaan Gangguan Bipolar dengan Borderline Personality Disorder

Sejak pertama kali para ahli memasukkan borderline personality disorder (BPD) ke dalam Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder di tahun 1980, gangguan mental ini telah memicu perdebatan bagi para ahli. Salah satu diskusi yang hingga kini terus berlangsung adalah apakah borderline personality disorder sebenarnya berhubungan dengan gangguan bipolar karena keduanya memiliki banyak kesamaan.

Alasan utama para ahli mengaitkan bipolar dengan borderline personality disorder adalah keduanya sama-sama ditandai dengan perubahan suasana hati. Pada gangguan bipolar, seseorang akan mengalami perubahan suasana hati mulai dari depresi (sedih) ke mania (sangat bahagia) atau hipomania, yaitu level bahagia di bawah mania.

Pada gangguan borderline personality disorder (BPD), seseorang mengalami perubahan suasana hati yang terkadang disebut iregulasi emosional atau ketidakstabilan afektif. Orang dengan BPD sering kali dapat berubah dari merasa baik-baik saja menjadi sangat tertekan hanya dalam hitungan menit.

Baca Juga: Apa Saja Penyebab dan Pemicu Gangguan Bipolar?

Perbedaan Gangguan Bipolar dengan Borderline Personality Disorder

Meskipun sama-sama ditandai dengan perubahan suasana hati, namun gangguan bipolar dengan BPD memiliki beberapa perbedaan mendasar, di antaranya:

Fase yang Dihadapi

Perubahan suasana hati pada pengidap bipolar terbagi dalam dua fase, yaitu fase mania dan depresi. Fase mania adalah fase bahagia, sedangkan fase depresi adalah fase kesedihan.

Saat memasuki masa mania, pengidap bipolar akan merasa sangat bersemangat, merasa seperti pikirannya berpacu, merasa sangat kuat dan mampu bicara sangat cepat tentang banyak hal berbeda. Sebaliknya saat depresi, pengidap bipolar bisa merasa sangat sedih, hampa, sangat gelisah, mengalami peningkatan nafsu makan dan penambahan berat badan.

Sedangkan pada gangguan BPD, seseorang akan merasa emosi yang intens seperti putus asa, hampa, amarah dan kesepian.

Baca Juga: Apa Saja Perbedaan Bipolar I dan Bipolar II?

 

Durasi Waktu

Pada pengidap BPD, perubahan suasana hati sering berubah dan sering kali hanya berlangsung singkat. Perubahan suasana hati umumnya hanya berjalan selama beberapa jam pada satu waktu. Berbeda dengan pengidap bipolar yang bisa merasakan perubahan suasana hati selama berhari-hari atau berminggu-minggu.

 

Penyebab

Perubahan suasana hati pada pengidap BPD disebabkan oleh reaksi pada situasi pemicu stres di lingkungan sekitar, sedangkan pada bipolar perubahan suasana yang terjadi dapat terjadi tiba-tiba tanpa sebab.

 

Tingkat Perubahan Suasana

Pergeseran suasana hati pada BPD jarang melibatkan hal yang menyenangkan atau menggembirakan. Perasaan yang dirasakan pengidap BPD umumnya dari perasaan kesal menjadi perasaan baik-baik saja. Sedangkan pada pengidap bipolar, perubahan perasaan yang dirasakan cukup drastis, dari suasana hati yang baik menjadi suasana hati yang buruk.

 

Sekilas, gejala bipolar dan BPD memiliki beberapa kemiripan. Sebuah penelitian menyebutkan bahwa 20% pengidap BPD juga didiagnosis mengalami bipolar. Dalam penelitian lain disebutkan bahwa gangguan BPD dan bipolar sebenarnya tidak berkaitan. Untuk saat ini para ahli menyepakati BPD tidak berhubungan dengan bipolar meskipun keduanya memiliki gejala serupa.

Bagi Anda yang sering mengalami perubahan suasana hati cukup drastis, diiringi masalah mental lainnya seperti uring-uringan atau mudah marah, sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 23:58

Salters-Pedneault, K. (2020). Differences Between Bipolar Disorders and BPD. Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/bipolar-and-borderline-personality-disorder-425418#

DiLonardo, M. (2022). Borderline Personality Disorder vs. Bipolar Disorder. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/borderline-personality-disorder-bipolar-disorder

Mayo Clinic. Bipolar Disorder. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955#

Mayo Clinic. Borderline Personality Disorder. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20370237#

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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:55
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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