Menorrhagia: Penyebab, Gejala, dan Cara Mengobatinya

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Menorrhagia: Penyebab, Gejala, dan Cara Mengobatinya
Ilustrasi gejala menorrhagia. Credits: Freepik

Daftar Isi

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Bagikan :

Menorrhagia adalah kondisi di mana menstruasi berlangsung lama dengan volume darah yang lebih banyak daripada biasanya. Wanita yang mengalami menorrhagia perlu sering mengganti pembalut atau tampon. Terkadang hal ini bisa memengaruhi dan mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari.

Menorrhagia yang disertai dengan rasa nyeri, dikenal dengan istilah dismenore. Ketahui apa penyebab, gejala dan cara mengobati menorrhagia.

 

Apa Penyebab Menorrhagia?

Menorrhagia tidak hanya disebabkan oleh satu kondisi tertentu. Menstruasi yang banyak dan berlangsung lama ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa kondisi kesehatan dan beberapa faktor, di antaranya:

  • Ketidakseimbangan hormon
  • Pertumbuhan tumor atau kanker di rahim atau organ reproduksi lainnya
  • Infeksi seperti infeksi menular seksual
  • Komplikasi kehamilan seperti kehamilan ektopik, keguguran atau terbentuknya jaringan parut pasca operasi sesar
  • Kondisi kesehatan lain seperti penyakit liver, penyakit ginjal, infeksi radang panggul, leukimia dan penyakit Von Willebrand
  • Pengobatan tertentu seperti aspirin, terapi hormon, obat kanker payudara, IUD (intrauterine device), serta pil KB tertentu dan KB suntik

Baca Juga: Benarkah KB Spiral (IUD) Menyebabkan Menstruasi yang Lebih Berat?

 

Ketahui Gejala Menorrhagia

Menorrhagia bisa dikenali lewat beberapa tanda dan gejala, di antaranya:

  • Nyeri perut
  • Menstruasi yang berlangsung lebih dari 7 hari
  • Keluarnya gumpalan darah berukuran besar saat menstruasi
  • Frekuensi mengganti pembalut atau tampon menjadi sering (1-2 jam sekali)
  • Kehilangan lebih dari 80 ml darah selama menstruasi, padahal normalnya adalah sekitar 35-40 ml
  • Munculnya gejala anemia seperti kelelahan, tampak pucat atau sesak napas

Baca Juga: Mengukur Tingkat Rasa Sakit Menstruasi Melalui WaLIDD Score

 

Cara Mengobati Menorrhagia

Dengan adanya gejala yang disebutkan di atas, Anda perlu mengunjungi dokter dan menjalani serangkaian pemeriksaan termasuk tes darah, pap smear, USG, dan juga biopsi.

Apabila dokter menemukan hal yang mencurigakan, dokter akan merekomendasikan beberapa tindakan seperti histerokopi yaitu prosedur pemeriksaan untuk melihat kondisi rahim dan sekitarnya, atau prosedur kuret untuk mengikis penebalan dinding rahim.

Dokter juga akan merekomendasikan beberapa pengobatan lain sesuai dengan kondisi yang melatarbelakangi, misalnya dengan pengobatan hormon seperti pil KB untuk menghentikan ovulasi dan membuat perdarahan menstruasi menjadi lebih ringan atau pengobatan hormon progesteron

Untuk mengatasi penebalan dinding rahim yang memicu menorrhagia, dokter akan merekomendasikan beberapa prosedur, di antaranya:

  • Ablasi untuk menipiskan dinding rahim yang menebal
  • Reseksi untuk mengangkat lapisan rahim
  • Histerektomi untuk mengangkat rahim
  • Pemberian suplemen zat besi apabila Anda diduga menderita anemia

 

Jangan ragu untuk memeriksakan diri ke dokter apabila Anda mengalami gejala menorrhagia khususnya menstruasi yang berlangsung lebih lama dari 7 hari dan volume perdarahan yang jauh lebih banyak dibandingkan menstruasi biasanya.

Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store terkait masalah menstruasi lain yang Anda alami.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 11 Desember 2023 | 09:19
Tags : gangguan menstruasi haid tidak normal menorrhagia

John Hopkins Medicine. Menorrhagia. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/menorrhagia 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Heavy menstrual bleeding. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menorrhagia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352829 

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17734-menorrhagia-heavy-menstrual-bleeding 

John Hopkins Medicine. Hysteroscopy. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/hysteroscopy 

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2022). Dilation and Curettage (D&C). Available from: https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/dilation-and-curettage 

Corey Whelan (2021). What Is Menorrhagia and Is It Dangerous?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/menstruation/menorrhagia 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:221
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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