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Penyebab Serangan Jantung pada Wanita di Usia 20-30an dan Cara Pencegahannya

Penyebab Serangan Jantung pada Wanita di Usia 20-30an dan Cara Pencegahannya
Credits: Freepik. Ilustrasi wanita yang mengalami serangan jantung

Bagikan :

Selama ini yang kita ketahui, mereka yang mengalami serangan jantung adalah yang sudah berusia lanjut. Namun, seiring perkembangan zaman, serangan jantung bisa dialami oleh siapa saja di usia muda, termasuk wanita berusia 20-30an.

 

Apa itu Serangan Jantung?

Serangan jantung atau yang disebut infark miokard terjadi ketika aliran darah ke jantung berkurang atau tersumbat. Penyumbatan biasanya disebabkan oleh penumpukan lemak, kolesterol, dan zat lain di pembuluh arteri jantung. Penumpukan lemak yang mengandung kolesterol disebut dengan plak. Terkadang plak ini bisa pecah dan membentuk gumpalan yang menghalangi aliran darah. Kurangnya aliran darah dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada otot jantung.

 

Penyebab Serangan Jantung pada Wanita Muda

Kasus serangan jantung pada wanita usia muda merupakan kasus yang sangat langka saat beberapa puluh tahun yang lalu. Namun kini, kasus ini menjadi sesuatu yang tidak asing ditemui di rumah sakit, dan menjadi penyebab kematian di usia muda.

Penyakit arteri koroner dimana satu atau lebih arteri jantung mengalami penyumbatan adalah penyebab utama sebagian besar serangan jantung. Hal ini disebabkan oleh timbunan plak yang mempersempit pembuluh arteri dan mengurangi aliran darah ke jantung. Namun, pada wanita, ada beberapa faktor risiko lain yang menyebabkan serangan jantung pada usia muda, di antaranya:

  • Tekanan darah tinggi

Tekanan darah tinggi sebagai efek dari pil KB atau selama kehamilan meningkatkan risiko serangan jantung pada wanita di usia muda.

  • Kolesterol tinggi

Estrogen seharusnya melindungi wanita dari kadar kolesterol yang tidak sehat, namun kondisi tertentu menyebabkan kadar estrogen turun sehingga kolesterol mungkin meningkat.

  • Kebiasaan merokok

Tidak hanya pada laki-laki, kebiasaan merokok pada wanita juga memperbesar kemungkinan risiko penyakit jantung termasuk serangan jantung. Apalagi penelitian mengatakan bahwa wanita lebih sulit berhenti merokok dibandingkan pria.

Adapun faktor lain yang meningkatkan risiko serangan jantung pada wanita di antaranya:

  • Diabetes
  • Obesitas
  • Riwayat penyakit jantung yang dialami keluarga
  • Usia
  • Pola makan tidak sehat
  • Kurangnya aktivitas fisik
  • Penyalahgunaan minuman beralkohol

 

Gejala Serangan Jantung pada Wanita Muda

Sama-sama mengalami serangan jantung, gejala pada pria dan wanita bisa sedikit berbeda. Apabila pria cenderung mengalami nyeri dada yang terasa lebih parah, wanita cenderung mengalami nyeri dada yang lebih terasa seperti sesak atau tekanan di dada. Selain itu, gejala pada wanita cenderung muncul secara bertahap, di mana kelelahan yang tidak biasa menjadi salah satu tanda peringatan dimana serangan jantung bisa terjadi.

Ketika mengalami serangan jantung, wanita mengalami beberapa gejala di antaranya:

  • Rasa tidak nyaman atau nyeri pada tubuh bagian atas, baik punggung, leher, rahang, lengan maupun perut
  • Sesak napas
  • Pusing atau kepala terasa ringan
  • Keringat dingin
  • Kelelahan
  • Mual dan muntah

 

Mencegah Serangan Jantung pada Wanita di Usia Muda

Meskipun secara genetik serangan jantung tidak bisa dicegah, namun dengan menerapkan pola hidup sehat maka risiko serangan jantung atau penyakit jantung lainnya bisa diminimalisir.

Untuk mencegah berkembangnya serangan jantung di usia muda, sebaiknya Anda mengikuti beberapa hal berikut ini:

  1. Menjaga berat badan dan menghindari kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas yang dapat meningkatkan risiko serangan jantung
  2. Mengonsumsi makanan sehat dan menghindari makanan olahan, makanan manis, serta lebih banyak mengonsumsi makanan bergizi serta karbohidrat kompleks
  3. Berolahraga rutin setidaknya 150 menit per minggu
  4. Mengurangi konsumsi alkohol dan membatasinya tidak lebih dari satu gelas per hari
  5. Selain berolahraga rutin, tingkatkan juga aktivitas fisik dengan lebih banyak bergerak, misalnya berjalan kaki saat akan ke tempat tertentu, lebih memilih menggunakan tangga ketimbang lift atau eskalator, dan lain sebagainya
  6. Mengelola stres dengan baik dengan cara yang lebih sehat dan efektif, bukan melampiaskan lewat makanan atau lewat minuman beralkohol. Miliki komunitas yang dapat membantu mengembangkan hobi atau kesenangan yang positif sehingga stres dapat diatasi dengan cara yang benar

Mengubah pola hidup sehat sangat membantu dalam menurunkan risiko penyakit jantung, namun Anda tetap harus melakukan pemeriksaan rutin untuk memastikan apa yang telah Anda lakukan cukup efektif dan memberikan hasil yang baik. Yuk miliki jantung yang sehat demi hidup yang lebih baik!

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 22:39

American Heart Association News (2018). 5 reasons you could develop heart disease before 50. Available from: https://www.heart.org/en/news/2018/09/13/5-reasons-you-could-develop-heart-disease-before-50

Virginia Colliver, M.D. Heart Attacks Striking Younger Women. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/heart-attack/heart-attacks-striking-younger-women

Cleveland Clinic (2019). Why Are Heart Attacks on the Rise in Young People?. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/why-are-heart-attacks-on-the-rise-in-young-people/

David Rossiaky (2022). Heart Attacks: What Does Age Have to Do With It?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-attack/heart-attack-age

 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Heart attack. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20373106

 

 

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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8mydatabase10.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7869 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7869
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8358 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8358
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.83msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8418 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8418
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase11.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2006 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.59msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4750 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4750
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.4msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3955 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3955
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase8.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8341 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8341
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:111
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:53
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:55
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • menu_hover.blade.php#156mydatabase2.93msselect * from `videos` where `status` = 1 order by `updated_at` desc limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • menu_hover.blade.php#221mydatabase1.14msselect * from `booklets` where `is_published` = 1 order by `id` desc limit 1
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:221
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#357mydatabase980μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:357
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:361
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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