Kenali Jenis Tambalan Gigi yang Banyak Digunakan

Kenali Jenis Tambalan Gigi yang Banyak Digunakan
Ilustrasi tambalan gigi. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :

Memiliki gigi yang sehat adalah impian setiap orang. Sayang, ada kalanya gigi Anda berlubang atau retak sehingga perlu ditambal. Dalam proses tambal gigi, ada beberapa jenis bahan yang umum digunakan dokter gigi. Apa saja jenis bahan tambal gigi yang banyak digunakan? Simak selengkapnya dalam ulasan berikut.

 

Jenis Tambal Gigi yang Umum Digunakan

Sebelum menjalani proses tambal gigi, sebaiknya Anda mengetahui berbagai pilihan jenis tambal gigi yang akan digunakan. Masing-masing jenis tambalan gigi memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, dan beberapa dapat menimbulkan reaksi alergi.

Beberapa jensi tambal gigi yang banyak digunakan antara lain:

Amalgam

Salah satu jenis tambal gigi yang banyak digunakan dalam tambal gigi adalah amalgam yang ditandai dengan warna perak. Jenis tambal gigi ini telah banyak digunakan sejak 100 tahun lalu. Pada masa itu, tambalan amalgam merupakan jenis tambalan yang paling populer karena memiliki harga terjangkau dan dapat bertahan lama hingga 10-15 tahun.

Amalgam adalah isian tambal gigi yang terdiri dari beberapa bahan metal seperti perak, timah, tembaga, emas, platina, paladium dan merkuri. Bahan amalgam dikenal lebih murah dari bahan lain seperti komposit dan tahan lama sehingga paling banyak digunakan pada masanya.

Namun jenis tambalan ini juga memiliki kekurangan, di antaranya:

  • Tampilan dianggap tidak estetik karena berbeda dengan warna alami gigi
  • Butuh melubangi gigi lebih lebar agar dapat menahan amalgam lebih kuat
  • Suhu panas dan dingin dapat membuat amalgam mengembang dari waktu ke waktu sehingga menyebabkan gigi retak dan memudahkan bakteri masuk
  • Menyebabkan perubahan warna lapisan gigi di sekitarnya menjadi keabu-abuan

Sejumlah penelitian di tahun 2011 juga mengungkapkan bahwa penggunaan amalgam dapat memicu kebocoran merkuri jika dosisnya berlebihan. Efek paparan merkuri antara lain peradangan pada mukosa mulut, muncul lesi pada rongga mulut, sariawan dan peradangan gusi. 

Baca Juga: Kapan Perlu Melakukan Tambal Gigi?

 

Emas kuning

Selain amalgam, tambalan perak juga merupakan jenis tambal gigi yang paling banyak digunakan. Tambalan emas memiliki daya tahan hingga 10-15 tahun dan tidak mengalami korosi. Jika dibandingkan dengan tambalan gigi perak, warna emas dianggap lebih estetik karena lebih mirip warna gigi.

Tambalan gigi ini memiliki beberapa kekurangan, di antaranya:

  • Harga lebih mahal dari amalgam
  • Membutuhkan perawatan lebih dari sekali saat pemasangan tambalan
  • Isian emas pada tambalan dapat memicu rasa nyeri (galvanic shock) pada gigi

 

Komposit

Tambalan komposit terbuat dari bahan resin dan plastik yang dimasukkan ke dalam rongga selagi masih lunak, kemudian dikeraskan dengan cahaya berwarna biru terang. Komposit merupakan pilihan yang banyak digemari karena memiliki warna yang dapat disesuaikan dengan warna gigi.

Sayangnya, tambalan komposit tidak bertahan lama seperti amalgam dan emas. Tambalan ini dapat bertahan selama 5 tahun dan dapat berkurang jika lubang gigi cukup besar.

Baca Juga: Manfaat Menggunakan Dental Floss (Benang Gigi) Secara Rutin

 

Keramik (porselen)

Secara tampilan estetik, bahan tambalan porselen atau keramik merupakan tambalan yang paling banyak diminati karena memiliki warna seperti gigi alami.

Selain itu, tambalan keramik juga lebih tahan terhadap noda dan abrasi jika dibandingkan dengan komposit. Kekurangan dari tambalan keramik adalah lebih rapuh sehingga perlu ukuran ruang lebih besar agar tidak mudah pecah.

 

Tambalan ionomer kaca

Merupakan jenis tambalan yang terbuat dari akrilik dan material kaca khusus. Memiliki warna tambalan putih namun tidak dapat menghasilkan warna yang sama dengan gigi. Campuran semen ionomer biasanya digunakan untuk anak-anak terutama di area sekitar gusi. Jenis tambalan ini umumnya hanya bertahan 5 tahun atau kurang.

 

Sebelum menambal gigi, pastikan dokter menjelaskan prosedur dan jenis bahan yang akan digunakan dalam menambal gigi. Apabila memiliki pertanyaan seputar kesehatan, Anda bisa memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi yang tersedia pada aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di Play Store atau App Store

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 20 September 2023 | 06:56

Cleveland Clinic. Dental Fillings. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17002-dental-fillings

News-Medical Net. What Are Dental Fillings?. Available from: https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Dental-Fillings.aspx

WebMD. Dental Health and Tooth Fillings. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/dental-health-fillings

Dodge, L. (2022). Different Types of Dental Fillings. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/different-types-of-fillings-1059018

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9707
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase10.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7160 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase10.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1947 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1947
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7978
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1370 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1370
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:53
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:55
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:357
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:361
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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