Tips Mempraktekkan Kebersihan Makanan di Rumah

Tips Mempraktekkan Kebersihan Makanan di Rumah
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Mempraktekkan kebersihan makanan yang baik berarti mengetahui cara menghindari penyebaran bakteri saat mempersiapkan makanan, memasak makanan atau menyimpan makanan. Kontaminasi silang bisa menularkan bakteri dari bahan mentah dan makanan siap santap sehingga berisiko menyebabkan keracunan makanan.

 

Tanda-Tanda Keracunan Makanan

Keracunan makanan bisa terjadi saat Anda makan makanan yang mengandung kuman seperti misalnya Salmonella atau E.coli. Gejala yang dirasakan setelah terinfeksi kuman bervariasi mulai dari ringan hingga serius. Keluhan tersebut bisa berlangsung dalam hitungan jam atau bertahan selama beberapa hari.

Saat keracunan makanan, Anda mungkin bisa mengalami beberapa gejala seperti diare, nyeri atau kram perut, mual, muntah dan demam.

Gejalanya bisa berkembang menjadi parah dan Anda perlu mendapatkan pertolongan medis segera apabila mengalami:

  • Diare disertai perdarahan.
  • Diare berlangsung lebih dari 3 hari.
  • Anda demam dengan suhu di atas 38 derajat celsius.
  • Muntah terus-menerus sampai tidak bisa minum karena cairan yang masuk akan dimuntahkan kembali.
  • Adanya tanda-tanda dehidrasi seperti buang air kecil hanya sedikit, mulut kering, tenggorokan kering, merasa pusing saat bangkit dari posisi duduk atau tidur.

Baca Juga: Hindari Makanan ini Bila Memiliki Masalah Asam Lambung

 

4 Hal Penting Dalam Praktik Kebersihan Makanan

Ada 4 hal mendasar dalam praktik kebersihan makanan yang perlu diingat, di antaranya:

  • Cleaning - memastikan tangan dan peralatan serta permukaan talenan bersih sebelum, selama dan setelah memasak.
  • Cooking - memastikan makanan yang dimasak matang sehingga bakteri mati.
  • Chilling - memastikan makanan disimpan di suhu yang benar untuk mencegah pertumbuhan bakteri berbahaya.
  • Hindari Cross-contamination - mencegah kontaminasi silang bakteri dengan memisahkan bahan makanan mentah dan juga matang.

Baca Juga: Menderita Perlemakan Hati, Ini Rekomendasi Makanan yang Disarankan

 

Cara Mempraktekkan Kebersihan Makanan di Rumah

Dengan 4 hal mendasar di atas, maka Anda bisa mempraktekkan kebersihan makanan di rumah dengan cara sebagai berikut:

  1. Mencuci tangan dengan sabun dan air bersih sebelum menyiapkan makanan yang akan dimasak.
  2. Membersihkan peralatan masak sebelum dan sesudah digunakan dengan benar, terutama talenan, pisau, mikser, blender, dan lain sebagainya.
  3. Menyimpan daging mentah pada suhu 4 derajat celsius untuk mencegah bakteri berkembang sebelum dimasak. Jika jumlah daging yang hendak digunakan hanya sedikit, maka sebaiknya pisahkan dalam wadah-wadah yang kecil.
  4. Pisahkan bahan makanan mentah dengan makanan yang sudah dimasak. Misalnya jika Anda ingin menyimpannya di dalam lemari es, maka pastikan makanan yang sudah dimasak disimpan di dalam wadah kedap udara untuk menghindari terjadinya kontaminasi silang.
  5. Cuci buah-buahan dan sayuran dengan bersih sebelum dimakan. 
  6. Gunakan peralatan memasak berbeda untuk mencegah kontaminasi silang. Misalnya memisahkan talenan yang digunakan untuk memotong daging dan talenan yang digunakan untuk memotong buah atau sayuran.
  7. Memisahkan bahan makanan yang berbentuk cair, gandum, bahan kering maupun tepung-tepungan.
  8. Bahan makanan yang basah sangat mudah berjamur, sehingga mencampurnya dengan bahan makanan kering meningkatkan risiko tumbuhnya jamur pada bahan makanan lainnya.
  9. Pastikan memasak bahan makanan sampai benar-benar matang, khususnya telur, daging merah, unggas, ikan yang mungkin terkontaminasi kuman. Jika tidak dimasak hingga matang, kuman berisiko masuk dan menginfeksi tubuh.
  10. Hindarkan makanan dari serangga dan hama dengan menutup makanan, memasang kawat pelindung, memasang pengontrol hama di sudut ruangan, dan pastikan tidak ada lalat yang hinggap di makanan.
  11. Pastikan untuk menggunakan air bersih saat mencuci dan memasak makanan.
  12. Bersihkan area dapur dengan benar setiap selesai menggunakannya.
  13. Cuci handuk, lap, dan juga spon setelah digunakan secara teratur untuk mencegah berkembangnya kuman di sana.

Keracunan makanan bisa berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Jika gejala keracunan yang dialami berkembang menjadi lebih serius, jangan menunda mencari pertolongan medis.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 21:17

Adrian Carter (2019). Why is Food Hygiene Important?. Available from: https://hygienefoodsafety.org/why-is-food-hygiene-important/.

CDC (2022). Food Poisoning Symptoms. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/symptoms.html.

Department of Health (2022). Prevent Cross-Contamination. Available from: https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/foodsafety/clean/xcontamination.html.

NHS Health Scotland (2020). Preparing and cooking food safely. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/healthy-living/food-and-nutrition/food-safety-and-hygiene/preparing-and-cooking-food-safely.

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8mydatabase9.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8945 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7637 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2240 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8mydatabase9.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5848 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:55
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.menu_hover:156
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:357
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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